The article investigates the mechanisms for ensuring food security in Ukraine's regions amid military and climate risks. It is determined that regional food security is a multidimensional category, which depends on the availability of food resources, the efficiency of their distribution, and the ability of the agro-food system to adapt to crisis conditions. The main components of food security are identified, namely physical and economic accessibility of food, quality and safety of products, supply stability, and institutional-management potential. Types of threats destabilizing regional systems are analyzed, including military, climatic, economic, institutional, socio-demographic, and logistical. Three basic mechanisms for ensuring security are highlighted, particularly institutional, economic, and organizational-informational, and their functions and stages of formation are described. The institutional mechanism defines responsible entities, allocates powers, and creates coordination structures for managing food policy. The economic mechanism is aimed at the financial sustainability of agro-food systems through state support, preferential lending, agricultural insurance, and stimulation of local production. The organizational-informational mechanism ensures the collection, processing, and analysis of data on food security, risk forecasting, and coordination of actions of all system participants. It is established that the integrated application of these mechanisms improves the justification of managerial decisions, ensures preventive response to threats, and forms the resilience of regional agro-food systems. The obtained results can be used for the development of regional food security strategies and increasing the effectiveness of state policy under conditions of military conflicts and climate change.